The term "founding fathers" refers to a group of leaders who played a significant role in establishing the United States. Key figures include George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams. They were instrumental in drafting important documents, such as the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution, which laid the foundation for American democracy. These individuals were influential during the American Revolution and helped shape the nation's government and principles. Their ideas about liberty, governance, and individual rights continue to impact the United States and inspire democratic movements worldwide.