Foam-blowing agents are substances used to create foam in various materials, particularly in the production of plastics and insulation. They work by generating gas when heated or chemically reacting, which expands and forms bubbles within the material. This process enhances the material's properties, such as thermal insulation and lightweight characteristics. Common types of foam-blowing agents include chemical blowing agents and physical blowing agents. Chemical blowing agents release gas through a chemical reaction, while physical blowing agents use gases like carbon dioxide or nitrogen that are dissolved in the material. These agents are essential in manufacturing products like foam insulation and packaging materials.