Fluorescence is a process where certain materials absorb light at one wavelength and then emit light at a longer wavelength. This phenomenon occurs when the absorbed energy excites electrons in the material, causing them to move to a higher energy state. When the electrons return to their original state, they release energy in the form of visible light. Common examples of fluorescent materials include fluorescent dyes and highlighters. Fluorescence is widely used in various fields, including biotechnology and forensics. In laboratories, fluorescent markers help visualize biological samples under a fluorescence microscope. Additionally, fluorescent lights, which are energy-efficient, utilize this principle to produce bright illumination in homes and workplaces.