A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a type of integrated circuit that can be configured by the user after manufacturing. This flexibility allows engineers to design custom hardware for specific applications, such as digital signal processing, telecommunications, and embedded systems. FPGAs consist of an array of programmable logic blocks and interconnects, enabling users to create complex circuits tailored to their needs. FPGAs are popular in various industries due to their adaptability and reusability. Unlike fixed-function chips, FPGAs can be reprogrammed multiple times, making them ideal for prototyping and iterative design. Their ability to handle parallel processing also enhances performance in applications requiring high-speed computations.