The femoral nerve is a major nerve in the human body that originates from the lumbar plexus, specifically from the L2, L3, and L4 spinal nerves. It is responsible for providing motor function to the muscles in the front of the thigh, including the quadriceps, which is essential for activities like walking and running. Additionally, it supplies sensory information from the skin of the thigh and part of the lower leg. Injuries or conditions affecting the femoral nerve can lead to weakness in the thigh muscles and loss of sensation in the areas it innervates. Common causes of femoral nerve damage include trauma, compression from tumors, or complications from surgeries in the pelvic region. Proper diagnosis and treatment are important for recovery and restoring function.