Experimental studies are research methods used to test hypotheses by manipulating variables in a controlled environment. Researchers typically divide participants into groups, where one group receives a treatment or intervention, while the other serves as a control group. This allows scientists to observe the effects of the treatment and draw conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships. These studies are essential in fields like psychology, medicine, and education, as they provide reliable data that can inform practices and policies. By carefully controlling conditions and measuring outcomes, researchers can determine whether specific factors, such as a new drug or teaching method, lead to significant changes in behavior or health.