Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior, focusing on how animals interact with each other and their environments. It examines behaviors in natural settings, emphasizing the evolutionary and ecological contexts that shape these actions. Ethologists observe animals in their habitats to understand instinctual behaviors, social structures, and communication methods. Founded by researchers like Konrad Lorenz and Nikolaas Tinbergen, ethology combines observations with experimental methods to explore behavioral patterns. This field has contributed to our understanding of various species, including birds, mammals, and insects, revealing insights into their survival strategies and adaptations.