Error codes are standardized messages that indicate a problem or malfunction in a system, device, or software. They help users and technicians quickly identify issues without needing to describe the problem in detail. Each code corresponds to a specific error, making troubleshooting more efficient. For example, a computer might display an error code when it encounters a hardware failure or software bug. These codes can vary between different systems and manufacturers, so it's essential to refer to the relevant documentation or support resources for accurate interpretations. Understanding error codes can significantly reduce downtime and improve the overall user experience with technology.