Electroluminescence is a phenomenon where a material emits light in response to an electric current or a strong electric field. This process occurs when electrons in the material gain energy from the electric field and then release that energy as light when they return to their original state. Common materials that exhibit electroluminescence include certain types of semiconductors and phosphors. This effect is widely used in various applications, such as in LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes). These technologies are popular in displays and lighting because they are energy-efficient and can produce bright, vibrant colors.