Electroencephalography (EEG) is a medical technique used to record electrical activity in the brain. It involves placing small electrodes on the scalp, which detect and measure the electrical signals produced by neurons. This non-invasive method helps doctors diagnose conditions like epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain injuries. EEG results are displayed as waveforms on a computer screen, allowing healthcare professionals to analyze brain activity patterns. The procedure is safe, painless, and typically takes about 20 to 40 minutes. EEG can also be used in research to study brain functions and responses to various stimuli.