Elastic deformation refers to the temporary change in shape or size of a material when a force is applied. When the force is removed, the material returns to its original form. This behavior is typical in materials like rubber and certain metals, which can stretch or compress without permanent damage. The ability to undergo elastic deformation is crucial in various applications, such as in engineering and construction. For example, bridges are designed to flex slightly under load, ensuring they can withstand forces like wind and traffic while maintaining their structural integrity.