Ecotoxicology is the study of how toxic substances affect ecosystems, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It examines the impact of pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals, on living organisms and their environments. By understanding these effects, scientists can assess risks and develop strategies to protect ecosystems. Researchers in ecotoxicology often conduct experiments to determine the toxicity of various substances and their potential to cause harm. This field is essential for environmental protection, as it helps inform regulations and guidelines to minimize pollution and safeguard biodiversity, ensuring healthier ecosystems for future generations.