Doughs are mixtures of flour, water, and other ingredients that are used as a base for various baked goods. They can be classified into different types, such as bread dough, pastry dough, and cookie dough, each with unique textures and uses. The process of making dough involves combining the ingredients and kneading them to develop gluten, which gives the dough its structure and elasticity. Different types of dough require specific techniques and ingredients. For example, bread dough often includes yeast, which helps it rise, while pastry dough is typically made with cold fat to create a flaky texture. Understanding the characteristics of each type of dough is essential for successful baking.