Dormers are structural elements that extend from a sloped roof, creating additional space and light in an upper level of a building. They typically feature a window and can vary in style, including gabled, shed, and hipped designs. Dormers are commonly found in residential architecture, especially in Victorian and Cape Cod homes. These features not only enhance the aesthetic appeal of a house but also improve ventilation and natural lighting in attics or upper floors. By adding headroom and usable space, dormers can transform otherwise cramped areas into comfortable living spaces.