Direct reduction processes are methods used to convert iron ore into iron by removing oxygen without melting the ore. This is typically achieved using natural gas or coal, which react with the iron ore at high temperatures. The result is a solid form of iron known as direct reduced iron (DRI), which can be used in steelmaking. These processes are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly compared to traditional methods like blast furnaces. They produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions and can utilize lower-grade iron ores, making them an attractive option for the steel industry aiming for sustainability.