Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is an enzyme found in the body that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. It works by breaking down certain hormones called incretins, which help stimulate insulin production after meals. By inactivating these hormones, DPP-4 helps control glucose metabolism. In addition to its role in diabetes management, DPP-4 is also involved in various physiological processes, including immune response and inflammation. Medications that inhibit DPP-4, known as DPP-4 inhibitors, are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes by prolonging the action of incretins, thereby improving blood sugar control.