Dihydropyrimidines are organic compounds that contain a six-membered ring with two nitrogen atoms and four carbon atoms. They are derivatives of pyrimidine, which is a basic structure in many biological molecules, including DNA and RNA. Dihydropyrimidines can be found in various natural products and are important in medicinal chemistry due to their potential therapeutic effects. These compounds are often studied for their role in pharmacology, particularly as antihypertensive agents and in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Some dihydropyrimidine derivatives, like amlodipine, are used to manage high blood pressure and improve blood flow. Their unique structure allows them to interact with biological targets effectively.