Deviance refers to behaviors, beliefs, or characteristics that violate societal norms or expectations. It can encompass a wide range of actions, from minor rule-breaking to serious criminal activities. Sociologists study deviance to understand how societies define acceptable behavior and how individuals respond to those definitions. The concept of deviance is not fixed; it can change over time and vary between cultures. For example, what is considered deviant in one society may be accepted in another. Factors such as social norms, cultural values, and context play significant roles in determining what is deemed deviant behavior.