Desert plants are specially adapted to survive in arid environments with limited water. They often have thick, waxy skins to reduce water loss and deep root systems to access underground moisture. Common examples include cacti, succulents, and various types of shrubs. Many desert plants also have unique features like spines or thorns to deter herbivores and minimize water evaporation. Some, like the saguaro cactus, can store large amounts of water for long periods, allowing them to thrive in extreme heat and drought conditions. These adaptations make them essential for desert ecosystems.