Dense phase refers to a state of matter where particles are closely packed together, resulting in a high density. This phase is often observed in materials like solids and liquids, where the intermolecular forces are strong enough to keep the particles tightly bound. In this state, the material maintains a definite shape and volume. In industrial applications, dense phase is commonly associated with the transport of powders and granular materials. In this context, dense phase conveying systems move materials in a way that minimizes dust and reduces wear on equipment, making the process more efficient and environmentally friendly.