Demographic changes refer to shifts in the characteristics of a population over time. These changes can include variations in age, race, gender, and migration patterns. For example, an aging population may lead to a higher percentage of elderly individuals, while immigration can introduce new cultural groups into a community. These changes can impact various aspects of society, such as the economy, education, and healthcare. For instance, a growing youth population may increase the demand for schools, while an aging demographic may require more healthcare services. Understanding these trends is essential for effective planning and policy-making.