Demineralization is the process of removing minerals and salts from water or other substances. This is often done to purify water for drinking or industrial use, ensuring it is free from harmful contaminants. Techniques like reverse osmosis and ion exchange are commonly used in this process. In the context of dental health, demineralization refers to the loss of minerals from tooth enamel, which can lead to cavities. Factors such as bacteria, sugary foods, and acidic drinks can contribute to this process, making it important to maintain good oral hygiene to protect teeth.