Database middleware is software that acts as a bridge between applications and databases. It enables communication and data management by providing a standardized way for applications to interact with different types of databases, such as SQL or NoSQL systems. This helps developers avoid the complexities of direct database connections and simplifies the process of data retrieval and manipulation. By using database middleware, organizations can enhance their system's scalability and flexibility. It allows for easier integration of various applications, ensuring that they can work together seamlessly, regardless of the underlying database technology. This ultimately leads to improved performance and more efficient data handling across different platforms.