Cut-and-cover is a construction method used primarily for building underground structures, such as subways or tunnels. The process involves digging a trench along the planned route, constructing the structure within the trench, and then covering it back up with soil. This technique minimizes surface disruption and allows for the continued use of the area above during construction. This method is often chosen for its cost-effectiveness and relatively quick implementation compared to other tunneling methods. It is particularly useful in urban areas where space is limited and existing infrastructure, like roads and buildings, must be preserved.