Curve fitting is a statistical technique used to create a mathematical function that closely matches a set of data points. This process helps to identify trends and patterns within the data, allowing for better predictions and analysis. The goal is to find a curve that minimizes the difference between the observed data and the values predicted by the function. There are various methods for curve fitting, including linear regression and polynomial fitting. These techniques can be applied in fields such as science, engineering, and finance to model relationships between variables and make informed decisions based on the data.