A cryopump is a type of vacuum pump that operates at very low temperatures to remove gases from a vacuum chamber. It works by cooling surfaces to cryogenic temperatures, causing gas molecules to condense and stick to these surfaces. This process effectively reduces the pressure inside the chamber, making it suitable for various scientific and industrial applications. Cryopumps are commonly used in fields like semiconductor manufacturing, particle physics, and vacuum technology. They are efficient at capturing a wide range of gases, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, making them essential for creating high-quality vacuums in research and production environments.