A criminal case involves legal proceedings against an individual or group accused of committing a crime. These cases are typically initiated by the government, which acts on behalf of society to enforce laws. The accused, known as the defendant, faces charges that can range from minor offenses to serious felonies. The outcome can result in penalties such as fines, community service, or imprisonment. During a criminal case, evidence is presented in court, and both the prosecution and defense have the opportunity to argue their sides. A judge or jury ultimately decides the verdict, determining whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty based on the evidence and legal standards.