Coughing is a reflex action that helps clear the airways of irritants, mucus, or foreign particles. It occurs when the throat or lungs are stimulated by something that causes discomfort. Coughing can be caused by various factors, including infections, allergies, or smoking. It can be dry, meaning no mucus is produced, or productive, where mucus is expelled. While coughing is a natural response, persistent coughing may indicate an underlying health issue. Common conditions associated with chronic coughing include asthma, bronchitis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). If coughing lasts for an extended period or is accompanied by other symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional.