The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers located in the brain, connecting the left and right hemispheres. It plays a crucial role in facilitating communication between these two halves, allowing them to share information and coordinate activities. This structure is essential for various cognitive functions, including movement, perception, and problem-solving. Damage to the corpus callosum can lead to difficulties in coordination and communication between the hemispheres, impacting overall brain function and behavior.