The cork oak tree, scientifically known as Quercus suber, is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to the Mediterranean region. It is best known for its thick, rugged bark, which can be harvested every 9 to 12 years without harming the tree. This bark is the source of cork, widely used for wine stoppers, flooring, and insulation. Cork oak trees can grow up to 20 meters tall and live for over 200 years. They thrive in warm, dry climates and are often found in Portugal, Spain, and parts of North Africa. The tree plays a vital role in its ecosystem, providing habitat for various wildlife species.