Consolidants are substances used to strengthen and stabilize materials, particularly in the fields of conservation and restoration. They help to bind loose particles together, preventing further deterioration of objects like paintings, sculptures, and archaeological artifacts. Common types of consolidants include resins and polymers, which can penetrate porous materials and provide structural support. In art conservation, consolidants are applied to fragile surfaces to enhance their durability without altering their appearance. This technique is essential for preserving cultural heritage, as it allows for the maintenance of historical integrity while ensuring that objects remain intact for future generations.