Cognitive theories focus on understanding how people think, learn, and remember information. These theories emphasize the mental processes involved in perception, memory, and problem-solving. They suggest that our thoughts influence our emotions and behaviors, highlighting the importance of internal mental states in shaping our experiences. One well-known cognitive theory is the cognitive development theory proposed by Jean Piaget, which outlines how children's thinking evolves through distinct stages. Another important concept is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which uses cognitive principles to help individuals change negative thought patterns and improve their mental health.