Coastal navigation is the process of navigating a vessel along coastlines and nearshore waters. It involves using charts, maps, and navigational aids to determine a ship's position and course. Mariners rely on landmarks, buoys, and lighthouses to safely guide their vessels while avoiding hazards like rocks and shallow areas. This type of navigation is essential for fishing boats, recreational vessels, and commercial shipping. It often requires knowledge of tides, currents, and weather conditions. Tools such as GPS and radar can enhance accuracy, but traditional methods like sextants and compasses are still valuable for coastal navigation.