Coast guards are specialized maritime security organizations responsible for ensuring the safety and security of coastal areas and waterways. They perform various duties, including search and rescue operations, environmental protection, and enforcing maritime laws. Coast guards often work closely with other agencies to respond to emergencies and protect marine resources. In many countries, such as the United States, the United States Coast Guard operates under the Department of Homeland Security. Coast guards also play a vital role in preventing illegal activities, such as smuggling and human trafficking, while promoting safe navigation for commercial and recreational vessels.