Civil service reform refers to changes made to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and fairness of government employment systems. These reforms often aim to reduce political influence in hiring and promotions, ensuring that government jobs are filled based on merit rather than favoritism. This can lead to a more professional and accountable workforce. Reforms may include implementing standardized testing, enhancing training programs, and establishing clear performance evaluations. Notable examples of civil service reform in the United States include the Pendleton Act of 1883, which established a merit-based system, and ongoing efforts to modernize government operations through technology and better management practices.