A cholesterol test, also known as a lipid panel, measures the levels of different types of fats in your blood. It typically checks for three main types: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), often referred to as "bad" cholesterol; high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as "good" cholesterol; and triglycerides, another type of fat. These measurements help assess your risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular conditions. The test usually requires fasting for 9 to 12 hours beforehand to ensure accurate results. A healthcare provider will take a blood sample, which is then analyzed in a laboratory. Based on the results, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes or medications to help manage your cholesterol levels.