Census data refers to the information collected about a population at regular intervals, usually every ten years. This data includes details such as age, gender, race, and household size. Governments use this information to understand the demographics of their citizens, which helps in planning services like schools, hospitals, and roads. The U.S. Census Bureau is responsible for conducting the census in the United States. By analyzing census data, researchers and policymakers can identify trends and make informed decisions that affect communities. This data is crucial for ensuring that resources are allocated fairly and effectively across different regions.