Cavities are small holes that form in your teeth when bacteria in your mouth produce acid. This acid can eat away at the hard outer layer of your teeth, called enamel. If not treated, cavities can lead to pain and more serious dental problems. Good oral hygiene, like brushing and flossing, helps prevent cavities by removing food particles and plaque. Regular visits to the dentist are important for catching cavities early. The dentist can clean your teeth and apply sealants or fluoride treatments to protect them. Eating a balanced diet and limiting sugary snacks also helps keep your teeth healthy and cavity-free.