Castings refer to the process of creating objects by pouring liquid material, usually metal or plastic, into a mold. Once the material cools and solidifies, it takes the shape of the mold, resulting in a finished product. This method is widely used in manufacturing for producing parts and components in various industries, including automotive and aerospace. There are different types of castings, such as sand casting, die casting, and investment casting. Each method has its own advantages and is chosen based on factors like the desired precision, production volume, and material properties. Castings are essential for creating complex shapes that would be difficult to achieve through other manufacturing techniques.