The "bottom of the pyramid" (BOP) refers to the largest but poorest socio-economic group in society, typically comprising individuals living on less than $2.50 a day. This concept highlights the significant market potential within this demographic, as they represent a vast consumer base that is often overlooked by businesses. Addressing the needs of the BOP can lead to innovative solutions and sustainable development. Companies like Grameen Bank have successfully created financial products tailored for low-income individuals, demonstrating that serving this market can be both profitable and socially beneficial.