Blood cancers, also known as hematologic cancers, primarily affect the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. The main types include leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. These cancers disrupt the normal production and function of blood cells, leading to various health issues. Symptoms of blood cancers can include fatigue, frequent infections, and easy bruising or bleeding. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a bone marrow biopsy. Treatment options may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplants, depending on the specific type and stage of the cancer.