A stem cell transplant is a medical procedure that replaces damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells. These stem cells can come from the patient themselves, a donor, or umbilical cord blood. The transplant helps restore the body’s ability to produce blood cells, which is crucial for fighting infections and carrying oxygen. The procedure is often used to treat conditions like leukemia, lymphoma, and other blood disorders. Before the transplant, patients usually undergo chemotherapy or radiation to prepare their bodies. After the transplant, patients need careful monitoring to ensure their bodies accept the new cells and to manage any potential complications.