Black mold, scientifically known as Stachybotrys chartarum, is a type of fungus that can grow in damp or humid environments. It often appears as a dark green or black patch and thrives on materials like wood, drywall, and carpet. Black mold can release spores into the air, which may lead to health issues, especially for individuals with allergies or respiratory conditions. Exposure to black mold can cause symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, and skin irritation. It is important to address any water leaks or moisture problems in homes to prevent its growth. Proper ventilation and regular cleaning can help reduce the risk of black mold development.