Biwa hōshi are traditional Japanese blind musicians who perform narrative songs accompanied by the biwa, a type of lute. They often tell stories from classic literature, such as the Heike Monogatari, using their music to convey emotions and historical events. These performers have a rich cultural heritage, dating back to the 12th century. The art of biwa hōshi is not only a musical performance but also a form of storytelling that preserves Japan's history and folklore, making it an important aspect of the country's cultural identity.