Bird taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming birds based on their evolutionary relationships. It organizes birds into hierarchical categories, starting from broad groups like class Aves down to specific species. This classification helps scientists understand the diversity of birds and their ecological roles. Taxonomists use various characteristics, such as physical traits, behavior, and genetic data, to determine how birds are related. The main taxonomic ranks include order, family, genus, and species. This system allows researchers to communicate clearly about different bird species and track their conservation status effectively.