Biological treatment refers to the use of living organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to break down and remove pollutants from the environment. This method is commonly applied in the treatment of wastewater, where microorganisms digest organic matter, converting it into harmless substances. Another application of biological treatment is in soil remediation, where specific microbes are introduced to degrade contaminants like oil or heavy metals. This process is often more environmentally friendly and cost-effective compared to traditional chemical methods, making it a popular choice for addressing pollution issues in various ecosystems.