Biological classification, also known as taxonomy, is the scientific method of organizing living organisms into groups based on shared characteristics. This system helps scientists identify, name, and categorize species, making it easier to study the diversity of life on Earth. The main ranks in this hierarchy include domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Each organism is given a unique two-part name called a binomial nomenclature, which includes its genus and species. For example, humans are classified as Homo sapiens. This structured approach allows researchers to communicate more effectively about different organisms and understand their relationships within the tree of life.