A bench trial is a legal proceeding where a judge, rather than a jury, makes the final decision on the case. This type of trial is often used for civil cases or less serious criminal cases, allowing for a quicker resolution. The judge evaluates the evidence, hears arguments from both sides, and then delivers a verdict based on the law. In a bench trial, the judge plays a more active role in questioning witnesses and managing the proceedings. This can lead to a more streamlined process, as there is no need to select a jury or conduct jury instructions. Bench trials are typically less formal than jury trials, focusing on legal issues rather than emotional appeals.