Behavioral conditioning is a learning process that involves modifying behavior through reinforcement or punishment. It is based on the idea that behaviors can be shaped by their consequences. For example, when a dog receives a treat for sitting on command, it is more likely to repeat that behavior in the future. This is known as positive reinforcement. There are two main types of behavioral conditioning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus, leading to a learned response. In operant conditioning, behaviors are influenced by rewards or consequences, such as receiving praise or facing a timeout.