Aztreonam is a type of antibiotic that belongs to the class of drugs known as monobactams. It is primarily used to treat infections caused by certain types of bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria. Aztreonam works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, which ultimately leads to the death of the bacteria. This medication is often prescribed for patients who are allergic to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics, as it has a low risk of cross-reactivity. Aztreonam is typically administered through injection and is effective in treating various infections, including those in the lungs, urinary tract, and bloodstream.